On this day in History - Apr. 22

• 0296 - Pope Caius dies
• 0536 - Pope Agapetus I dies
• 1056 - Observada uma supernova na nebulosa do Caranguejo
• 1073 - Es proclamado en Roma el Papa Gregorio VII.
• 1357 - John I, King of Portugal, 1383-1433 was born.
• 1407 - Morre Olivier de Clisson, Condestável de França
• 1451 - Isabella of Castile was born (d. 1504); Queen of Spain and patron of Christopher Columbus
• 1500 - Portuguese navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral becomes the first European to sight Brazil.
• 1509 - Henry VIII ascends to the throne of England after the death of his father.
• 1518 - Antoine de Bourbon, was born (d. 1562). Father of Henry IV of France
• 1550 - Edward de Vere, as born (d. 1604). 17th Earl of Oxford, hereditary Lord Great Chamberlain of England
• 1529 - Treaty of Saragossa divides the eastern hemisphere between Spain and Portugal along a line 297.5 leagues or 17° east of the Moluccas.
• 1550 - Edward de Vere was born (d. 1604). Lord Great Chamberlain of England.
• 1592 - Bartolomeo Ammanati dies (b. 1511). Italian architect and sculptor.
• 1610 - Pope Alexander VIII [Pietro Ottoboni] was born (d. 1691) Italian lawyer and Pope ( 1689-91 ).
• 1640 - Nascimento de Mariana Alcoforado, em Beja, freira no Convento de Nossa Senhora da Conceição. É-lhe atribuída a autoria das «Lettres Portugaises», um conjunto de cinco cartas de amor dirigidas ao marquês de Chamily.
• 1658 - Giuseppe Torelli was born (d. 1709). Italian composer.
• 1672 - Georg Stiernhielm dies (b. 1598). Swedish poet.
• 1690 - John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville was born (d. 1763). English statesman.
• 1692 - James Stirling was born (d. 1770). Scottish mathematician
• 1699 - Hans Erasmus Aßmann, Freiherr von Abschatz dies (b. 1646). German statesman and poet.
• 1707 - Henry Fielding was born (d. 1754). English author.
• 1711 - Eleazar Wheelock was born (d. 1779). American founder of Dartmouth College.
• 1724 - Immanuel Kant was born (d. 1804). German philosopher
• 1739 - Charles François Nivard was born (d. 06 Jan 1821). French artist
• 1758 - Antoine de Jussieu dies (b. 6 Jul 1686). French physician and botanist who wrote many papers on human anatomy, zoology, and botany, including one on the flower and fruit of the coffee shrub.
• 1766 - Madame de Staël was born (d. 1817). French author.
• 1769 - Madame Dubarry torna-se a concubina oficial de Luís XV.
• 1775 - Carlota Joaquina was born (d. 07 Jan 1930). Queen of Portugal ( King John VI's wife) and Emperess of Brazil.
• 1778 - James Hargreaves dies (b. 1720). English weaver, carpenter, and inventor.
• 1806 - Pierre-Charles Villeneuve dies stabbed (b. 1763). French admiral
• 1812 - Solomon Caesar Malan was born (d. 1894). British orientalist.
• 1816 - Charles Denis Bourbaki was born. French general
• 1821 - A Inquisição é abolida em Portugal.
• 1821 - Após a volta de Dom João VI a Portugal, o Príncipe Pedro de Bragança é nomeado Regente do Brasil.
• 1821 - John Crome “Old Crome”, dies (b. 22 Dec 1768). British collector, teacher, etcher, and Romantic painter of landscapes who founded the Norwich Society of artists.
• 1822 - Bengt Nordenberg was born (d. 16 ou 18 Dec 1902). Swedish painter.
• 1833 - Richard Trevithick dies (b. 1771). English inventor .
• 1836 - Texas Revolution: A day after the Battle of San Jacinto forces under Texas General Sam Houston capture Mexican General Antonio López de Santa Anna.
• 1840 - Odilon Redon was born (d. 06 Jul 1916). French painter.
• 1844 - Lewis Thornton Powell was born (d. 1865). Would-be assassin of Secretary of State William Seward
• 1846 - Henry Woods was born (d. 27 Oct 1921). British artist.
• 1852 - Guillaume IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg was born (d. 1912)
• 1854 - Henri-Marie Lafontaine was born in Belgium. International lawyer and president of the International Peace Bureau (1907-43) . Nobel Prize in Peace 1913
• 1860 - Ada Rehan was born (d. 1916). American stage actress.
• 1863 - American Civil War: Grierson's Raid begins - troops under Union Colonel Benjamin Grierson attack central Mississippi.
• 1864 - The U.S. Congress passes the Coinage Act of 1864 which mandates that the inscription "In God We Trust" be placed on all coins minted as United States currency.
• 1868 - Nasceu o compositor e pianista português José Viana da Mota
• 1870 - Vladimir Ilich Lenin was born (d. 1924). Russian revolutionary, state leader.
• 1873 - Ellen Glasgow was born (d. 1945). American author.
• 1876 - Georg Lurich was born (d. 1920). Estonian wrestler.
• 1876 - Robert Bárány was born (d. 1936). Hungarian otologist. Nobel Prize in Medicine - 1914 "for research on the vestibular apparatus of the inner ear".
• 1876 - Morte da Infanta D. Isabel Maria, filha de D. João VI, regente de Portugal de 1826 a 1828.
• 1881 - Alexander Kerensky was born (d. 1970). Russian politician.
• 1884 - Otto Rank was born (d. 1939). Austrian psychologist.
• 1889 - Oklahoma land rush: President Benjamin Harrison opens Oklahoma to white settlement.
• 1891 - Harold Jeffreys was born (d. 1989). English astronomer.
• 1892 - Edouard Lalo dies (b. 1823). French composer.
• 1894 - Evie “Evie” Sydney Hone, was born (d. 13 Mar 1955). Irish painter and stained-glass artist.
• 1896 - Thomas Meik dies (b. 1812). British civil engineer.
• 1898 - Spanish-American War: The United States Navy begins a blockade of Cuban ports and the USS Nashville captures a Spanish merchant ship.
• 1899 - Vladimir Nabokov was born (d. 1977). Russian writer.
• 1904 - Robert Oppenheimer was born in New York (d. 18 Feb 1967). American physicist, A-bomb, Project
• 1906 - Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Westrobothnia was born (d. 1946). Second in line to the Swedish throne.
• 1906 - Eddie Albert was born (d. 2005). American actor.
• 1907 - Ivan Efremov was born (d. 1972). Russian paleontologist, taphonomist, science fiction author.
• 1908 - Henrry Campbell-Bannerman dies (b. 1836). Prime Minister of United Kingdom
• 1909 - Carlos Chagas divulga suas conclusões sobre o microorganismo transmissor da tripanossomíase, hoje conhecida como doença de Chagas.
• 1909 - Rita Levi-Montalcini was born. Italian neurologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• 1910 - Norman Steenrod was born (d. 1971). American mathematician.
• 1912 - Kathleen Ferrier was born (d. 1953). British contralto.
• 1912 - Pravda, the "voice" of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, begins publications in Saint Petersburg.
• 1914 - Babe Ruth, age 19, pitches his first professional game for the minor league Baltimore Orioles.
• 1914 - Jan de Hartog was born (d. 2002). Dutch writer.
• 1915 - The use of poison gas in World War I escalates when chlorine gas is released as a chemical weapon in the Second Battle of Ypres.
• 1915 - The New York Yankees debut their famous pinstripes and hat-in-the-ring logo.
• 1916 - Yehudi Menuhin was born (d. 1999). Jewish American-born violinist.
• 1918 - Mickey Vernon was born. Baseball player
• 1919 - Donald J. Cram was born (d. 2001). American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate.
• 1922 - Charles Mingus was born in Arizona (d. 1979). American musician, jazz bassist - Pithecanthropus Erectus
• 1922 - Richard Diebenkorn was born (d. 30 Mar 1993). American abstract painter
• 1922 - Wolf V. Vishniac was born (d. 1973). American microbiologist.
• 1923 - Louise Glück was born. American poet.
• 1923 - Bettie Page was born. American pin-up model
• 1923 - Aaron Spelling was born. American television producer and writer
• 1924 - Cármen Dolores was born. Portuguese actress.
• 1924 - Vicente Augusto de Carvalho dies (b. 05 Apr 1866). Brazilian journalist, politician and poet.
• 1925 - George Cole was born. British actor.
• 1925 - André Caplet dies (b. 1878). French composer.
• 1926 - Charlotte Rae was born. American actress
• 1926 - James Stirling was born (d. 1992). British architect.
• 1930 - The United Kingdom, Japan and the United States sign the London Naval Treaty regulating submarine warfare and limiting shipbuilding.
• 1930 - Jeppe Aakjaer dies (b. 1866). Danish poet and novelist.
• 1935 - Paul Chambers was born (d. 1969). American jazz bassist.
• 1936 - Glen Campbell was born. American musician.
• 1937 - Jack Nitzsche was born (d. 2000). American composer and arranger.
• 1937 - Jack Nicholson was born in New Jersey. American actor ( One Flew Over Cuckoo's Nest, Shining )
• 1939 - Sérgio Mamberti was born in Santos - São Paulo. Brazilian actor.
• 1939 - Jason Miller was born (d. 2001). American actor.
• 1941 - José Guilherme Merquior was born. Brazilian sociologist, writer and diplomat.
• 1941 - Ruy Duarte de Carvalho was born in Santarem, Portugal. Film director ( Recado das Ilhas, O )
• 1943 - Albert Hofmann writes his first report about the hallucinogenic properties of LSD.
• 1943 - Louise Glück was born. American poet
• 1944 - World War II: Operation Persecution initiated - Allied forces land in the Hollandia area of New Guinea.
• 1944 - Steve Fossett, was born. American millionaire adventurer.
• 1945 - World War II: After learning that Soviet forces have taken Eberswalde without a fight, Adolf Hitler admits defeat in his underground bunker and states that suicide is his only recourse.
• 1945 - Os Aliados ocuparam a cidade de Bolonha
• 1945 - Käthe Kollwitz dies (b. 8 Jul 1867) German Expressionist printmaker and sculptor born on 08 July 1867, specialized in Self-Portraits.
• 1946 - Harlan F. Stone dies (b. 1872). Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court
• 1946 - The first installment of the popular Japanese comic strip, Sazae-san, is published in the Fukunichi Shimbun
• 1946 - John Waters was born. American film writer and director
• 1950 - Peter Frampton was born. British musician
• 1950 - Zygi Wilf was born. Owner of the Minnesota Vikings
• 1951 - Paul Carrack was born. British keyboardist, singer and songwriter
• 1951 - Tony Danza was born. Actor
• 1951 - Horace Donisthorpe dies ( b. 1870). British entomologist.
• 1952 - Marilyn Chambers was born. American actress
• 1954 - Red Scare: Senator Joseph McCarthy begins hearings investigating the United States Army for being "soft" on Communism.
• 1955 - Congress orders all US coins bear motto "In God We Trust"
• 1958 - Ken Olandt was born. American actor
• 1959 - Catherine Mary Stewart was born. Canadian actress
• 1959 - Ryan Stiles was born. Canadian-born actor and comedian
• 1962 - Mark Timothy Jones, aka: Mornstar, & Omar the Bull, was born. Writer, Wiccan priest
• 1962 - Jeff Minter was born. British video game programmer
• 1965 - Peter Zezel was born. Canadian ice hockey player
• 1966 - Nuno Gama was born. Portuguese fashion designer.
• 1966 - Cida Mendes (Aparecida Silva Mendes) was born in Pará de Minas-MG. Brazilian actress.
• 1967 - Sheryl Lee was born. American actress
• 1967 - Harvey Williams was born. American football player
• 1968 - Zarley Zalapski was born. Canadian ice hockey player
• 1968 - Carlos Costa was born in Spain. Tennis star.
• 1968 - Stephen H. Sholes dies (b. 1911). American recording executive
• 1970 - Sherri Shepherd was born in Chicago, Illinois, USA. Actress.
• 1970 - First Earth Day celebrated. Earth Day is an event intended to increase public awareness of environmental issues and to promote conservation of the world's resources.
• 1970 - Portugal: Os deputados Francisco Sá Carneiro e Francisco Pinto Balsemão, membros da Ala Liberal, apresentam na Assembleia Nacional um projecto de Lei de Imprensa que prevê o fim da censura prévia.
• 1970 - Andrea Giani was born. Italian volleyball player
• 1971 - John Kerry, dressed in combat fatigues, testifies on his views of the Vietnam War before the United States Senate Foreign Relations Committee
• 1972 - Vietnam War: Increased American bombing in Vietnam prompts antiwar protests in New York City, San Francisco, and Los Angeles.
• 1972 - Anna Falchi was born in Tampera, Finland. Model, actress, (2000 Bodyguards ; 1998 Paparazzi )
• 1972 - Owen Finegan was born. Australian International Rugby Union
• 1974 - Shavo Odadjian was born. American-born bassist for System of a Down
• 1975 - Greg Moore was born (d. 1999). Canadian race car driver (CART).
• 1975 - Fábio Baiano was born in Feira de Santana, Bahia. Brazilian footballer
• 1975 - Barbara Walters signs a five-year $5 million contract with the American Broadcasting Corporation (ABC), becoming the highest paid television newsperson.
• 1975 - O presidente de Honduras, General Osvaldo Lopez Arellano é deposto em um golpe não-violento e substituído pelo General Juan Alberto Melgar Castro.
• 1976 - Frutuoso de Lima Viana dies at 79. Composer.
• 1976 - Barbara Walters signs a record $1 million contract with ABC and becomes the first female nightly news anchor in the United States.
• 1977 - Andruw Jones was born. Baseball player.
• 1978 - The Blues Brothers make their first appearance on Saturday Night Live
• 1978 - In Paris, France, Izhar Cohen & Alphabeta win the twenty-third Eurovision Song Contest for Israel singing "A-ba-ni-bi".
• 1978 - Por fallo unánime el boxeador mendocino Hugo Corro se consagra campeón mundial de los medianos al vencer a Rodrigo Valdéz.
• 1978 - Will Geer dies (b. 1902). American actor and activist.
• 1979 - Brent Mydland performs his first show with the Grateful Dead at Spartan Stadium, San Jose, California.
• 1979 - Daniel Johns was born. Lead singer of Australian band Silverchair
• 1980 - Jane Froman dies (b. 1907). American actor and singer.
• 1980 - Fritz Strassmann dies (b. 1902). German physicist.
• 1981 - Ken Dorsey was born. American football player
• 1981 - El escritor uruguayo Juan Carlos Onetti es galardonado con el Premio Miguel de Cervantes.
• 1982 - Kaká (Ricardo Izecson Santos Leite) was born in Brasília. Brazilian footballer.
• 1983 - Matt Jones was born. American football player
• 1983 - Earl 'Fatha' Hines dies (b. 1903). British jazz musician.
• 1984 - Amelle Berrabah was born. Singer in UK band Sugababes
• 1984 - Ansel Adams dies (b. 1902). American photographer
• 1984 - A Grã-bretanha rompe relações diplomáticas com a Líbia e obriga a retirada de todos que trabalham na embaixada em um prazo de sete dias.
• 1985 - José Sarney assume a presidência do Brasil.
• 1985 - Paul H. Emmett dies (b. 1900). American chemical engineer
• 1986 - Mircea Eliade dies (b. 1907). Romanian writer.
• 1988 - Irene Rich dies. Actress.
• 1993 - In Washington, DC, the Holocaust Memorial Museum is dedicated.
• 1993 - The web browser Mosaic version 1.0 is released.
• 1994 - Richard Nixon dies (b. 1913). American president.
• 1995 - Maggie Kuhn dies (b. 1905). American activist.
• 1996 - Cisco Systems acquires StrataCom for $4B
• 1996 - Erma Bombeck dies (b. 1927). American humorist and writer
• 1997 - Haouch Khemisti massacre in Algeria; 93 villagers killed.
• 1997 - A 126-day hostage crisis at the residence of the Japanese ambassador in Lima, Peru ends after government commandos storm and capture the building, rescuing 71 hostages. One hostage dies of a heart attack, two soldiers are killed from rebel fire, and all 14 rebels are slain.
• 1998 - Constantin Caramalis dies. President of Greece.
• 2000 - In a predawn raid, federal agents seize six-year-old Elián González from his relatives' home in Miami, Florida, and fly him to his Cuban father in Washington, DC, ending one of the most publicized custody battles in US history.
• 2000 - The Big Number Change takes place in the United Kingdom.
• 2002 - Linda Lovelace dies at 53. American porn actress '70s icon ", Deep Throat, later an anti-porn activist.
• 2003 - Jolene Blalock / Michael Rapino were married.
• 2003 - Martha Griffiths dies (b. 1912). American congresswoman, women's rights proponent.
• 2003 - Michael Larrabee dies (b. 1933). American athlete.
• 2004 - Two fuel trains collide in Ryongchon, North Korea, killing up to 150 people.
• 2004 - Pat Tillman dies killed in action (b. 1976). American football player and U.S. Army Ranger.
• 2005 - Philip Morrison dies (b. 1915). American physicist.
• Earth Day
• Brazil - Discovery Day